Can you send text messages via a notification

Yes, however you have to know the service provider of the recipient.

For example to send a text to a Verizon phone you have to send it to 1234567890@vtext.com

There are a few add-ons out there you can use to do this without know that.  

What is your use case?  who is the recipient?  Process to send them, etc?

Using the e-mail address model works but goes through an e-mail gateway rather than straight SMS. It used to be that these messages were prioritized last with the carriers but this is less the case now. You could do this pretty easily with Zapier and Twilio tying to QuickBase if needed to send straight SMS.