You should be able to do this with several API calls and some code.
API_GetFieldProperties. That and probably API_DoQuery to get the field list.
If you use that with JavaScript or Python you should be able to check a table and pull all fields and then go over the fields one by one and filter for the ones you want then take the data and create a csv with it. If you plan on going this route I can suggest an SDK that would help with that and can possibly guide you in the use of them if you need the help. Only go this route if you are already familiar with JavaScript or Python though.
You didn't mention if you were looking for only a native solution or not. I'm not sure how to accomplish this natively.
