It would be one 'checklist' table. And you would have one "Template Checklist" table.
Each 'Release Type' would have many checklist templates.
You can then make your lists, so for 'x' release type we have these 10 questions, and for 'y' we have these 12 questions.
Each 'Release/Receiving' (or whatever you call the main item) would have many 'Checklists'.
But, instead of picking the the 'type' on the checklist, you would pick the type on the parent (Release/Receiving).
Then you would load (via script) multiple child records or checklist items that match that 'type'.
***I absolutely butchered that explanation. I can always show better then explain***
Or do you get what I was trying to say?