Sending Notifications on a Parent Table based on a Child Table Record

No problem. Simply look up the field of who created the record on the parent table, I guess this would be the record, owner field, down to the trial table, and then send them a notification.  

it's quite easy to make a hyperlink that the user could click on in that notification to display the parent record. If you need help with that you can post back.

but may be all you want to do is email the update to the user.